There is no clear cut way to differentiate between the different options.
There is no good head to head comparison between the different ones. A few of years ago they tried a study, but gave up after a couple of years because they could not get enough people that would allow them to be randomlly assigned to the different options.
And data of side affects is 5 to 15 years old. And during that time there have been many changes in treatments.
In surgery more in terms of refinements. But lots of changes in radiation.
Here is one way to look at it. First look the side effects of the different treatments and decide on which ones you would be OK with and which would cause you more problems. And look at the reported percentage of that side effects.
After you at them and decide on a preliminary option start talking to the provider of that option.
Start taking to him and ask about what has been his experience with those side effects. And ask him about how he defines the side effects. For example clinically continence is often defined has not needed more than one pad a day.
Some patients that would not be a problem at all. Others would not find that acceptable.
If you don't feel comfortable with that provider. Then think back see if you want to reconsider the method or try another doctor.
And if you won't have a strong feel that one is better than the other, for YOU, then the idea that you can get radiation after surgery, if needed, might help trip the balance.
For me I had a strong negative for the radiation, because of possible bowel problems. And the 8 weeks of treatment (most common, but not all versions) and fatigue was also a negative.
So that pushed me towards the surgery and I as confident in the surgeon. I was not I knew of several other surgeons that are on my plan. If I was not comfortable with them then I was going to check with the different local radiation centers to see if they had any of the newer radiation systems that where more focused and had less side effects.