Docs are not always the greatest at explainning things in ways patients understand. I will TRY and give some easy to understand principles. If I use a term you do not understand, ASK!
Inuslin needs; BASAL.. I liken it to what a car motor needs in the way of fuel to IDLE. Not enought fuel/insulin the engine/body stalls. I have my BASAL insulin adjusted so my blood sugar is very stable for at least 5hrs, with NO food or exercise.
BOLUS insulin is extra fuel/insulin the engine/body needs to climb a hill. A meal is a hill and a snack is a smaller hill. Fast carbs like regular pop, OJ etc are very fast carbs (good for treating lows) or a very steep hill.
If you BOLUS too much, like a stuck gas pedal, you climb the hill and the engine/body is still reving as it crests the hill and you go down the hill FASTER, that's when you use the brake, OJ POP etc, to slow down so you don't crash going down the hill.
FOODS: A meal is like a hill, the bigger the more fuel/gas needed to navigate the hill.
The lower the carbs. smaller hill. more carbs = BIGer hill.
Lower glycemic foods make for a more gentle hill and high glycemic foods (that SPIKE BS), like fruit juices reg soda etc make for a steeper hill.
RAPID insulins, Like Novalog, Humlalog etc do a good job of matching normal meals, but its not fast enough to do as well with juices, reg soda etc, that is a good reason to try and avoid them, unless treating a low.
EXTRA food/snack is needed for energy for phsyical activity. Think of it as like a reverse bolus. When I was doing P/T (phsyical Therapy), I would have a snack just before starting the session to cover my activity so I did not worry about going low.
Diabetes is a balancing act between carbs/sugar, insulin and activity. Most endos or a dietician will make a meal plan, so many carbs/meal and snacks in between for a more even stable blood sugar.
Everyone varies and specifics need to be tailoer for each diabetic. YOU have to learn to read you body, how certain foods affect you, how various exercises and activities affect YOU (or your child).
HONEYMOON is a period lasting weeks or even months, maybe a year even after Dx. That is where the pancrease may get moody and work a little sometimes and not work at all other times. It's an OXYMORONIC term, the hardest time IMO.
KNOWLEDGE is power, learn all you can, but give yourself time to absorb it, ther is a lot to learn, so be patient with yourself. There is no reason a diabetic can not do jsut about anything, be anything they want. With todays better diet info and modern insulins, diabetics should be able to live long healthy lives, even healthier than their non-diabetic counterparts.
ANYtime you even think you (or your child) NEEDS medical attention, do NOT HESITATE, better safe than sorry later. In other words, if the situation brings you to think maybe I need to go to ER or call 911, the odds you you SHOULD.
Gomer Diabetic 3 decades , latest a1c 5.6